Friday, 2 January 2026

Chinese Janus sentences

  On the ninth day of Antonym Christmas, the Internet gave to me: 

Chinese Janus sentences



I'm learning Mandarin at the moment, and it is full of homonyms, which made me suspect that it would be full of contronyms, aka Janus words, aka auto-antonyms. When I tried looking up 'Chinese contronyms', I found more than Janus words; I found that Victor Mair at Language Log had written about Janus sentences

Here are two Chinese sentences that seriously mess with your mind, since they can also mean the opposite of what they seem to say:

I.

Dōngtiān: néng chuān duōshǎo chuān duōshǎo; xiàtiān: néng chuān duō shǎo chuān duō shǎo.

冬天:能穿多少穿多少;夏天:能穿多少穿多少。

Winter:  wear as much as possible; summer:  wear as little as possible.

II.

Shèngnǚ chǎnshēng de yuányīn yǒu liǎng gè: yī shì shéi dōu kàn bù shàng, èr shì shéi dōu kàn bù shàng.

剩女产生的原因有两个:一是谁都看不上,二是谁都看不上。

Reasons why there are shèngnǚ 剩女 ("unmarried / left behind women; spinsters")*:

1. they look down on everybody
(i.e., they can't stand the sight of anybody; they despise / dislike everybody; they are dissatisfied with everybody; they are not attracted to anyone)

2. everybody looks down on them
(i.e., nobody can stand the sight of them; everybody despises / dislikes them; everybody is dissatisfied with them; nobody is attracted to them)

Do see Mair's original post for more explanation.

I also like this in the Wikipedia article about Homophonic Puns in Standard Chinese:

  • Dream of the Red Chamber – Similar to Dickens or DostoevskyCao Xueqin chose many of the names of his characters in Dream of the Red Chamber to be homophones with other words which hint at their qualities. For example, the name of the main family, "賈" (Jiǎ) puns with "假" meaning "fake" or "false" while the name of the other main family in the story, "甄" (Zhēn) puns with "真" meaning "real" or "true".




No comments:

Post a Comment